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Interactions between climate and atmospheric oxidants, including ozone, provide important coupling mechanisms in the Earth system. The concentration of tropospheric ozone has increased substantially since the pre-industrial era, especially in polluted areas of the world, and has contributed to radiative warming. Emissions of chemical ozone precursors such as carbon monoxide, methane, non-methane hydrocarbons, and nitrogen oxides have increased as a result of larger use of fossil fuel, more frequent biomass burning and more intense agricultural practices. Changes in the circulation and specifically the more frequent occurrence of stagnant air events in urban or industrial areas could enhance the intensity of air pollution events. The importance of these effects is not yet well quantified. (reference)
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