|
|
|
|
Physical vapor deposition methods are clean, dry vacuum deposition methods in which the coating is deposited over the entire object simultaneously, rather than in localized areas. All reactive PVD hard coating processes combine:
A method for depositing the metal
Combination with an active gas, such as nitrogen, oxygen, or methane
Plasma bombardment of the substrate to ensure a dense, hard coating.
PVD methods differ in the means for producing the metal vapor and the details of plasma creation. The primary PVD methods are ion plating, ion implantation, sputtering, and laser surface alloying.
See also: Cladding, Electroplating, Pack cementation, Electroless plating, Vapor deposition, Hot dip galvanizing, Thermal spraying
