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Radius Bends: The radius of the bend in the pipe as related to the pipe
diameter (D). Example: A 3D bend would have a radius of three times the diameter
of the pipe measured to the centerline of the pipe.
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Real-Time Measurements: Refers to measurements that can detect changes in the
parameter under investigation essentially as they occur. The changes can be
detected because the technique is sufficiently sensitive, and can be made continuously
or with sufficient frequency to follow the changes in the parameter.
Receiver: A pipeline facility used for removing a pig from a pressurized
pipeline, may be referred to as trap.
Recognizable: Producing a signal that can be identified as coming from
a particular type of defect, e.g., mechanical damage.
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Remanent Magnetization: The magnetization level left in a steel pipe
after the passage of a magnetic in-line inspection tool.
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Remediation: An operation or procedure that eliminates the factor or
factors causing an imperfection, defect, or critical defect.
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Remnant Magnetization: The magnetization level left in a steel pipe
after the passage of a magnetic in-line inspection tool.
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Rerounding: The process of changing the dent depth and shape by internal
pressure in the pipe. Generally, dents due to third-party contact will reround,
while dents due to rocks will not unless the rock causing the dent is removed.
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Residual Stress: Stress present in an object in the absence of any
external loading; results from manufacturing process, heat treatment, or mechanical
working of material.
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RSTRENG: RSTRENG is the preferred technology for determining the
remaining strength of externally corroded pipe, as it is less conservative than
ASME B31G and provides a more accurate assessment of the corroded area. This
results in enhanced pipeline integrity and safety while simultaneously lowering
costs to the pipeline owner/operator.
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RESTRENG 2: An enhanced version of RSTRENG as specified in the American
Gas Association project report AGA-PR-218-9205.18
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RSTRENG 3: A computer program designed to calculate the residual
strength or failure pressure of corroded pipe.
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Reynolds number (Re): A dimensionless number describing the flow of fluid
in a pipe, derived from Re=(pvd)/1 or (vd)/v where p = density of fluid v =
velocity of fluid d = diameter of pipe rl = dynamic viscosity v = kinematic
viscosity.
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Rupture: The instantaneous tearing or fracturing of pipe material
causing large-scale product loss and immediately impairing the operation of
the pipeline.
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Rupture Pressure
Ratio (RPR): The ratio of the
predicted burst pressure calculated by an analysis criterion (e.g., ASME(Z)
B 31 G,5 RSTRENG 3 etc.) to the pressure at specified minimum yield strength
(SMYS).
